National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (NBDHE) Dental Hygienist Practice Test

What is a key characteristic of healthy gum tissue?

1. Firm with smooth margins

2. Reddish and swollen

3. Thin and translucent

4. Uneven contours

The correct answer is: Firm with smooth margins

Healthy gum tissue is characterized by being firm and having smooth margins. This firmness indicates that the tissue is well-vascularized and free of inflammation, which is essential for maintaining overall oral health. Smooth margins are also indicative of proper attachment to the teeth, which is crucial for preventing periodontal disease. Healthy gums typically exhibit a pale pink coloration and are not swollen or inflamed, as seen in diseased tissue. The other characteristics—reddish and swollen, thin and translucent, and uneven contours—are indicative of various forms of gum disease or health issues. Reddish and swollen gums often suggest inflammation or gingivitis, while thin and translucent tissue can indicate a lack of keratinization, which may make the gums more susceptible to injury and infection. Uneven contours may suggest the presence of periodontal pockets or loss of bone structure, further indicating disease.